Rock fracturing mechanisms by percussive drilling
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10972597Keywords:
rock drilling, mining, tunneling, fractures, blastingAbstract
Understanding the mechanisms of force transfer from the hammer to the rock and the subsequent fracturing of the rock is crucial, given that drilling represents one of the most expensive technological aspects of rock disintegration. The process begins with the drilling bit's buttons imprinting on the rock surface, which generates a primary wave (p-wave). The shape of the p-wave's front is directly influenced by the shape of the buttons. As the p-wave propagates, it induces tensile failure between the rock particles, leading to the formation of radial fractures. These radial tensile fractures define small rock prisms that remain attached to the main rock body. The subsequent rotation of the drilling bit results in the disintegration of these prisms. The number and length of the fractures induced are key determinants of the overall efficiency of the drilling process. By gaining a comprehensive understanding of these dynamics, improvements in drilling efficiency can be achieved, reducing costs and enhancing the effectiveness of rock disintegration operations.
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